Types and characteristics of air filter materials

October 07, 2023

1. Fiberglass Air Filters: These are the most common type of air filters. They are made from spun fiberglass material and are designed to trap large dust and dirt particles. They are inexpensive but need to be replaced frequently and have a low Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value (MERV) rating.

2. Pleated Air Filters: These filters are made from polyester or cotton paper sheets that are folded like an accordion. This design increases the surface area to capture more particles. They are more effective than fiberglass filters and have a higher MERV rating.

3. Electrostatic Air Filters: These filters use static electricity to attract and trap particles. They are made from self-charging electrostatic cotton or paper fibers. They can be washable and reusable, making them cost-effective in the long run.

4. High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) Filters: These filters are made from fine mesh material and can trap 99.97% of particles that are 0.3 microns or larger. They are highly effective but can restrict airflow in HVAC systems. They are commonly used in hospitals and laboratories.

5. Activated Carbon Filters: These filters are made from small pieces of carbon that are treated to be extremely porous. They are effective at removing odors, chemicals, and gases from the air. They are often used in combination with other types of filters.

6. Washable Air Filters: These filters are made from materials that can be washed and reused. They are cost-effective in the long run but have a low MERV rating.

7. UV Filters: These filters use ultraviolet light to kill bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms. They are often used in combination with other types of filters.

8. Synthetic Filters: These filters are made from man-made materials like polyester and polypropylene. They are effective at trapping small particles and are often used in commercial settings.

9. Metal Filters: These filters are made from aluminum, stainless steel, or galvanized steel. They are durable and can be washed and reused. However, they are not as effective at trapping small particles.

10. Biofilter: These filters use living microorganisms to capture and degrade pollutants. They are often used in waste treatment facilities and industrial applications.

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