Application Of Nanotechnology In Nonwoven Fabric

September 06, 2022

Ramkumar of Texas University of Technology in the United States believes that nanomaterials will be the future craze in production. They believe that non woven fabric products play a role in the development of nanotechnology. In 1934, the patented cellulose acetate electronic spinning technology was generally regarded as the foundation of nanotechnology.

Nanotechnology was first applied in the electronics industry, which was adopted late, and so far there are not many applications. Donaldson's nanofiltration equipment and Nano - Tex waterproof splash fabric are industrial products that enter the market in small quantities. According to Donaldson personnel, about one - third of all its products contain certain nanomaterials. So far, more than 100 universities and industrial research units around the world are engaged in the exploration of nanofibers, textiles and polymers. Some governments have invested heavily. According to the National Science Foundation, they invested in nanotechnology in 2005 more than 4 billion US dollars. The United States, the European Union and Japan are ahead in this regard, and there have been some interesting developments in fiber and textile nanotechnology in recent years.

The nano - scale fiber products developed by the laboratory have the advantages of large specific surface area, flexibility, air permeability, microporous structure, light weight, high Young's modulus and good functionality. At present, there have been a few successful batch applications. Such as filters, lining layers of chemically resistant fabrics, tissue scaffolds, and some high - end engineering applications. Generally, fibers with a diameter of 100 - 500 nm are regarded as nanofibers.
The electronic spinning method invented by Anton Formhals in 1934 is the pioneer of today ' s nonwoven fabric nanofiber electronic spinning. Electrospinning is a charge nozzle that uses a high - voltage electric field to spin a polymer solution and evaporate and dry the solvent to form a nanofiber web. In a strict sense, nanofibers are non woven fabric rolls of sub - micron fibers. Depending on the end use, various polymers, such as natural, synthetic, and biodegradable polymers, can be easily made into nanofiber webs using electronic spinning. Due to the work of Professor Reneker of Akron University, a wave of nanofiber spinning emerged in the 1990s. Doshi pioneered nanotechnology company ESpin Technologies Inc. in Tennessee to mass - produce electronically spun nanofibers using a variety of polymers.
The Rutledge Group of the Provincial Institute of Technology ( MIT ) conducted basic research on electronic spinning, and decided that a certain polymer can spin the terminal nozzle diameter of the corresponding fiber diameter.
In addition to being used in filtration equipment, functional nanofibers are valued in military research and development due to their potential resistance to chemical and biological weapons. In order to protect the soldiers from poison and provide the necessary comfort, nanofibers are very useful. The nanofiber lining anti - biochemical military uniform is light in weight, breathable, wide in function, good in anti - chemical performance, and can defend against toxic liquid, vapor and smoke.
The American Natick Military Center collaborated with the government, industry, and universities to explore the practical application of nanofibers and nanoparticle materials in protective clothing. There are some encouraging topics, such as the electronic spinning fabric of thermoplastic elastic polyurethane, which has good performance; it has high elasticity and does not require further processing or treatment, and the strength is higher. The current tests and developments are focused on functional melt - blown and electronic spinning; mixed with nano - scale aluminum and titanium materials to make mesh, and then combined with other methods to add reactive compounds to the fabric to obtain self - decontamination performance.
The addition of functional nanofiber mesh materials with other materials can increase its application value. Nanofibers embedded with metal oxides can catalyze organic phosphorus chemical weapon agents. Recently, Texas Tech University successfully buried magnesium oxide ( MGO ) in polymer fibers. By carefully controlling this process, nanoparticles can be deposited on the surface of the fiber to make it have maximum chemical reactivity and provide better anti - toxic function. Electronic spinning technology can be effectively used to develop honeycomb filter - in - filter polyurethane nanomesh. These filtering equipment can provide filtering ability due to the nano mesh to better capture particles.
The National University of Singapore Ramakrishna Group and the National Defense Science and Technology Agency ( DSTA ) have collaborated to develop a nanofiber biochemical mask that can replace activated carbon with nanofiber mesh to trap poisons in the air. Fiber to break down chemical poisons. The initial test of " paraxon " with chemical weapon simulants was successful. The ultimate goal is to develop a nanofiber military uniform that can be washed and durable.
At the same time, Professor Rutledge and his assistants at MIT developed super - hydrophobic e - spun nanomaterial fabrics, which are affected by the chemical and morphological characteristics of the fiber surface.

Professor Freg and his assistants at Cornell University have developed biodegradable polymers with high specific surface area and hydrophilic materials, which can be used as biosensors for drug delivery and pesticide delivery. According to Freg, the high specific area of nanofibers has many receptor active sites in small volume fibers.

Donaldson is in the forefront of nanofiber mesh biomedical applications and has been in the nanofiber business for more than 20 years. In 1981, its Ultra Web nanofiber filtration equipment was industrialized and has expanded into new applications, such as nanofiber cell culture materials and smoke barrier clothing.

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Mr. Hua Mao

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